Flower Notes:
Brown (Catkins in the spring, 1 to 1 1/2" long, 3/4" thick; not ornamentally important)
Foliage Notes:
Green (Glossy dark green summer foliage); Yellow (Yellow fall foliage)
Stem Notes:
slender, yellowish brown stems, slight wintergreen scent when crushed
Fruit Notes:
Brown (Samaras in the Summer, 2-winged 1/8" nutlets inside; Not ornamentally important)
Soil Notes:
Especially well adapted to cool, wet soils; does not do well in hot, dry situations.
Diagnostic Characteristics:
Leaves are alternate, simple, 3-5" long and half as wide; larger than Betula papyrifera. Often heart-shaped base. Doubley toothed. Shining yellow-brown to red-brown bark exfoliating in thin shreds and with prominent horizontal lenticels. Freshly crushed stems smell and taste of wintergreen.
Indiana Native 
