Flower Notes:
Green (Monoecious catkins are interesting with expanding foliage in the spring)
 Foliage Notes:
Green (Leaves emerge reddish then become dark-green in summer); Red (Stunning scarlet, russet-red, to mahogany-colored fall foliage)
 Stem Notes:
Greenish to reddish-brown, stout, glabrous
 Fruit Notes:
Brown (Acorns are medium brown with grayish streaks in fall; Grows solitary or paired; About 3/4 to 1" long)
 Soil Notes:
Widely adapted to soils, but chlorosis can develop in high pH
 Range:
Eastern United States and adjacent Canada
 Diagnostic Characteristics:
Leaves are simple, alternate, and bristle-tipped with wedge or rounded base and 7-11 pointed lobes. Bark is nearly black and has wide flat-topped ridges like "ski trails" up the trunk. Acorn cap is saucer like (not cupped).