Celtis occidentalisIndiana Native
Common Hackberry

Celtis occidentalis - Overall Habit

Family:

Cannabaceae (Hemp Family) 5

Genus:

Celtis (Hackberry) 5

Plant Type:

Tree 583

Growth Forms:

Upright 605

Hardiness:

USDA Zone 2 55

Deciduous / Evergreen:

Deciduous 879

Flower Notes:

Green (Generally monoecious, April-May; not ornamentally important)

Foliage Notes:

Green (Bright to light green foliage in summer); Yellow (Light yellow foliage (not always impressive))

Stem Notes:

olive-brown, slender, prominently lenticelled, shining

Fruit Notes:

Black (Inconspicuous purple-black berries, ripen in September-October; birds like berries)

Ultimate Height:

40-60 feet

Ultimate Spread:

40-60 feet

Bloom Times:

Fruiting Times:

Light Requirements:

Sun

Soil Water Requirements:

Medium to wet 93

Soil Notes:

Tolerates alkaline, acidic, dry, wet, and rocky soils

Range:

Eastern and central North America

Maintenance:

Low 351

Diagnostic Characteristics:

Leaves (2-5" long) are simple and alternate in 2 rows along twig, ovate to oblong-ovate and serrate except at base, long tapering tip, dull light or medium green above, paler below. Oblique leaf base. Pointed and appressed chestnut colored buds. Olive brown stems are lenticelled. Bark is characteristically ridged and warty.

Ecological Functions:

Purdue Plant Doctor

Parts and Problems of Hackberry

Special Characteristics:

Drought Tolerant 307

Tolerant of Poor Site Conditions 196

Wet Soil Tolerant 114

Wind Tolerant 25

Fast Growth Rate 229

Notable Bark 168

Notable Texture 282

Indiana Native 168

Street Tree 140

Additional Information

As well adapted to Midwestern conditions as American Elm, and a reasonably good substitute in form as well. Especially useful in large-scale situations with dry soils and heavy winds. Subject to a leaf nipple gall (caused by psyllid insect Pachypsylla dismamma, one of many jumping plant lice) and witches'-broom disease (caused by Eriophyid mite), both minor in most situations in the Midwest. Especially coarse texture limits use in designed landscapes.

Plant Photo Gallery

Celtis occidentalis - Overall Habit

Overall Habit

Celtis occidentalis - Leaf

Leaf

Celtis occidentalis - Bark

Bark

Celtis occidentalis - Young Bark

Young Bark

Celtis occidentalis - Bark

Bark

Celtis occidentalis - Buds

Buds

Celtis occidentalis - Winter Habit

Winter Habit

Celtis occidentalis - Flowers and Foliage

Flowers and Foliage

Celtis occidentalis - Flowers and Foliage

Flowers and Foliage

Celtis occidentalis - Emerging Flower Buds

Emerging Flower Buds

Celtis occidentalis - Buds

Buds

Celtis occidentalis - Buds

Buds

Celtis occidentalis - Unripe Fruit

Unripe Fruit

When Celtis occidentalis has been observed flowering or fruiting at Purdue University

Flowering

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Fruiting

Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec

Week 1 fruiting not present	Week 2 fruiting not present	Week 3 fruiting not present	Week 4 fruiting not present	Week 5 fruiting not present	Week 6 fruiting not present	Week 7 fruiting not present	Week 8 fruiting not present	Week 9 fruiting not present	Week 10 fruiting not present	Week 11 fruiting not present	Week 12 fruiting not present	Week 13 fruiting not present	Week 14 fruiting not present	Week 15 fruiting not present	Week 16 fruiting not present	Week 17 fruiting not present	Week 18 fruiting not present	Week 19 fruiting not present	Week 20 fruiting present	Week 21 fruiting present	Week 22 fruiting present	Week 23 fruiting present	Week 24 fruiting present	Week 25 fruiting present	Week 26 fruiting present	Week 27 fruiting present	Week 28 fruiting present	Week 29 fruiting present	Week 30 fruiting present	Week 31 fruiting present	Week 32 fruiting present	Week 33 fruiting present	Week 34 fruiting present	Week 35 fruiting present	Week 36 fruiting present	Week 37 fruiting present	Week 38 fruiting present	Week 39 fruiting not present	Week 40 fruiting not present	Week 41 fruiting not present	Week 42 fruiting not present	Week 43 fruiting not present	Week 44 fruiting not present	Week 45 fruiting not present	Week 46 fruiting not present	Week 47 fruiting not present	Week 48 fruiting not present	Week 49 fruiting not present	Week 50 fruiting not present	Week 51 fruiting not present	Week 52 fruiting not present

Other plants like this Celtis occidentalis (Common Hackberry)

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