Flower Notes:
Green (Monoecious catkins are interesting with expanding foliage in the spring)
Foliage Notes:
Green (Leaves emerge reddish then become dark-green in summer); Red (Stunning scarlet, russet-red, to mahogany-colored fall foliage)
Stem Notes:
Brown/Copper, Gold/Yellow, Green, Red/Burgundy; smooth
Soil Notes:
Widely adapted to soils, but chlorosis can develop in high pH
Range:
Eastern United States and adjacent Canada
Diagnostic Characteristics:
Leaves are simple, alternate, and bristle-tipped with wedge or rounded base and 7-11 pointed lobes. Bark is nearly black and has wide flat-topped ridges like "ski trails" up the trunk. Acorn cap is saucer like (not cupped).